What is Additive Manufacturing?
Additive Manufacturing, more commonly known as 3D Printing, is also referred to as Rapid Prototyping (RP), Direct Digital Manufacturing (DDM) and Additive Fabrication (AF).
It is a revolutionary manufacturing method for producing parts with complex geometries, low-volume manufacturing runs and prototypes. This method replaces traditional and typically more labor-intensive manufacturing methods, including subtractive manufacturing (cutting away and removing unneeded material) and forming and casting.
The additive manufacturing process generally involves adding thin layers of powdered material and using devices such as high-powered lasers to sinter or melt each layer to fuse it to the part being constructed. This process is based on CAD 3D models that are used as a guide or map for the process. The materials used in additive manufacturing can range from starch to photopolymer resins (polymer changes properties when exposed to light) to thermoplastics to metals, such as aluminum, titanium, stainless steel, Inconel alloys, and others.
The importance of a Dust Hazard Analysis (DHA):
Whether the powders or materials used are metal or nonmetal, it is imperative that anyone considering using additive manufacturing perform a dust hazards analysis (DHA) on the process to determine the hazards involved and how those hazards will be managed. This analysis is a requirement for any combustible dusts used in the manufacturing process. The 3D printers used in additive manufacturing usually require cleaning after the process is completed. Control of fugitive dust emissions and housekeeping outside of (and around) the 3D printing equipment must also be considered.
There are many approaches to conducting a DHA, and the Annex of NFPA 652 provides one example. A main focal point of NFPA 652 is the requirement for facilities processing or handling particulate solids to perform a dust hazard assessment (DHA). NFPA will also be addressing the fire, flash-fire, and explosion hazards associated with additive manufacturing using metal powders. NFPA 484: Standard for Combustible Metals (2015) is currently being revised, and it is expected that the next edition will include a section on additive manufacturing involving metal powders
Vacuum systems for use in Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing:
The 3D printers used in additive manufacturing usually require cleaning after the process is completed. This cleaning method will often include vacuuming the part, inside the device, or both, with a portable vacuum system. Control of fugitive dust and housekeeping near (and around) the equipment must also be considered.
Tiger-Vac manufactures a complete line of vacuum systems for additive manufacturing and 3D Printing. We offer both immersion “wet mix” systems as well as dry recovery systems. Our vacuum systems are available in electrically operated or pneumatic (air operated) versions. We offer several equipment protection levels such as Dust Ignition Protected as well as Explosion Proof / Dust Ignition Proof Hazloc vacuum systems.